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Is there a relationship between chocolate consumption and symptoms of depression? A cross-sectional survey of 13,626 US adults

2019

Objective: To examine associations between chocolate consumption and depressive symptoms in a large, representative sample of US adults. Methods: The data were from 13,626 adults (≥20 years) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007–08 and 2013–14. Daily chocolate consumption was derived from two 24-hr dietary recalls. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with scores ≥10 indicating the presence of clinically relevant symptoms. We used multivariable logistic regression to test associations of chocolate consumption (no chocolate, non-dark chocolate, dark chocolate) and amount of chocolate consumption (grams/…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyCross-sectional studyPopulationDark chocolatePatient Health QuestionnaireLogistic regressionDiet SurveysYoung AdultfoodEnvironmental healthEpidemiologymedicineHumansChocolateeducationLife StyleAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryDepressionchocolate dark chocolate depressive symptoms epidemiology NHANESNHANES chocolate dark chocolate depressive symptoms epidemiologyMiddle Agedfood.foodUnited StatesPatient Health QuestionnairePsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsQuartileJackson S. Smith L. Firth J. Grabovac I. Soysal P. Koyanagi A. Hu L. Stubbs B. Demurtas J. Veronese N. et al. -Is there a relationship between chocolate consumption and symptoms of depression? A cross-sectional survey of 13626 US adults.- Depression and anxiety cilt.36 ss.987-995 2019Femalebusiness
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